SIRTPRO Max

Studio randomizzato. Strenuous exercise induces microstructural muscle damage, leading to delayed onset muscle soreness and reduced performance. Although structural changes are well documented, subsequent inflammatory responses are not fully understood. Research has mainly examined leukocyte infiltration and cytokine expression, while low-abundance bioactive lipid mediators remain understudied. Nutritional strategies, such as palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) supplementation, can modulate these mediators and promote anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving conditions, which may improve recovery. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effect of PEA on the abundance of bioactive lipid mediators in skeletal muscle tissue of healthy males following muscle damaging exercise (MDE). 10 participants were included in a double-blind crossover study where they received PEA (2 × 350 mg/d, Levagen+) or placebo (PLA, maltodextrin), in a randomized order. In ea

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Meta-analisi. Context Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that affects a significant proportion of the population. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), a naturally occurring fatty acid amide derived from omega-7 fatty acids, has emerged as a safe and effective alternative for pain management and exerts its effects by interacting with the endocannabinoid system, modulating inflammation, and regulating immune responses. Objective A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of PEA in alleviating pain across various pathologies, considering the nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic nature of pain. Data sources A systematic search was conducted of 4 databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Collaboration Library. Data extraction Randomized clinical trials were selected for analysis. This meta-analysis included 18 studies involving 1196 patients. Data analysis Continuous variables were assessed using a standard

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Studio randomizzato. Background/objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic pain. As healthcare services struggle to meet demand to treat chronic pain, many individuals self-manage their symptoms. Probiotics and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) may be promising therapeutic options because of their anti-inflammatory properties. PEA is an endogenously produced N-acylethanolamine, considered "endocannabinoid-like" due to its structural similarity to endocannabinoids. While it has non-direct influence on the endocannabinoid system, it primarily acts via non-cannabinoid pathways, most notably through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). PEA has demonstrated both analgesic (pain-relieving) and mood-modulating effects in preclinical studies, and preliminary clinical studies. To date, no clinical studies have investigated the combined use of PEA and probiotics for the treatment of OA pain. Methods

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Studio clinico. Introduction This study assessed the effectiveness of Levagen+ (palmitoylethanolamide), a fatty acid amide and lipid mediator, for both the alleviation and impact of joint pain, in canines and felines. Methods This prospective double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled study supplemented 50 canines and 50 felines experiencing joint pain daily for 6 weeks with either Levagen+ or a placebo taken orally. Efficacy was determined in canines using the Canine Brief Pain Index (CBPI) and in felines using the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI), both completed by owners at baseline, week 2, week 4 and week 6. Data were analyzed with distribution-appropriate tests and a two-way repeated-measures ANOVA to assess group, time, and interaction effects across outcomes. Results In canines, significantly more were classified as successfully treated in the Levagen+ group compared to the placebo group (76% vs. 40%; p p p p p Discus

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Revisione. Purpose of review This paper reviews the existing literature supporting a role for fatty acid ethanolamides including oleoylethanolamide and palmitoylethanolamide in regulating cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Recent findings Deletion of various fatty acid ethanolamide biosynthesis genes in cellular models and small animal models have provided additional evidence that endogenous biosynthesis of fatty acid ethanolamides regulates cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism, while new clinical trials using oleoylethanolamide and palmitoylethanolamide support their therapeutic potential to normalize lipid levels in individuals with cardiometabolic disease. Fatty acid ethanolamides are biosynthesized in the intestine, liver, and adipose tissue in response to metabolic stimuli like fasting and feeding. These fatty acid ethanolamides then act via receptors including PPARα, GPR119, and

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Meta-analisi. Background There is no established specific treatment for post-COVID olfactory dysfunction (PCOD) currently. Olfactory training (OT) is the only effective intervention supported by clinical evidence. The anti-neuroinflammatory supplement palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin (PEA-LUT) has shown potential in alleviating the symptoms of post-COVID, but its therapeutic effect on olfactory dysfunction and the gain effect when combined with OT remain to be evaluated. Methods We comprehensively searched the online databases EMBASE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.govfor the literature related to the treatment of PCOD, identified studies reporting the efficacy of PEA-LUT combined with OT, extracted the treatment outcome data, and performed data synthesis. Results A total of 7 eligible RCTs published between 2021 and 2024 were included, comprising 525 patients with PCOD. Of

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Revisione. Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder associated with severe complications affecting various organs, including the kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Managing these complications remains a significant clinical challenge, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on polydatin, a naturally occurring glycoside from Polygonum cuspidatum, highlighting its potential as a multitargeted therapeutic agent against diabetic complications. Evidence indicates that polydatin effectively improves insulin sensitivity, lowers blood glucose levels, and exhibits antioxidant properties. In diabetic nephropathy, polydatin has been shown to reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and podocyte apoptosis, thereby preserving renal function. Furthermore, it enhances mitochondrial function and Sirt1 expression in diabetic neuropathy, promoting nerve regeneration and alleviating pain. In cardia

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Revisione. Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a multi-tissue/organ susceptible and highly destructive disease. The complex pathological mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury make its prevention and treatment highly challenging, and the development of novel drugs with pharmacological pleiotropy that can target multiple pathological mechanisms has become the focus of current drug research. Polydatin is a traditional Chinese medicine monomer with pleiotropic pharmacological effects, and existing research evidence suggests that polydatin has strong protective potential against ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism of polydatin against ischemia-reperfusion injury is still unclear. In this review, the extensive pharmacological-pathological mechanism associations between polydatin and ischemia-reperfusion injury have been described from the perspectives of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis

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Revisione. Respiratory diseases constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders that primarily involve the lungs. Driven by worsening air pollution, tobacco use, occupational exposures, the COVID-19 pandemic, and population aging, they show persistently high incidence with rising mortality and disability, posing a major global public-health challenge. Current pharmacotherapies-principally antibiotics, glucocorticoids, β 2 -adrenoceptor agonists, and antiviral agents-yield only limited benefit and are constrained by adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal disturbances and hepatorenal toxicity, alongside the escalating problem of drug resistance. The development of safer and more effective therapeutics is therefore of considerable clinical and socioeconomic importance. Plant-derived natural products have attracted increasing interest in the management of respiratory diseases. Polydatin (resveratrol-3-O-β-D-glucoside; also known as piceid

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Revisione. Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with conventional treatments often facing limitations such as toxicity, drug resistance, and reduced effectiveness over time. Polydatin (PD), a natural glycosylated derivative of resveratrol, has emerged as a promising therapeutic compound due to its ability to induce apoptosis, regulate the cell cycle, modulate oxidative stress, and inhibit angiogenesis. Additionally, PD plays a key role in shaping the tumor microenvironment and enhancing immune responses, making it a strong candidate for use alongside chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review examines PD's pharmacological potential, highlighting its anticancer mechanisms, therapeutic combinations, and clinical relevance. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science to analyze preclinical and clinical studies published between 2010 and 2024. Findings suggest that PD enhances

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Revisione. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological system disease. After SCI, a series of cascade reactions can cause irreversible damage, with a high disability rate and mortality rate. The complexity of the pathological mechanism of SCI limits the efficacy of various traditional therapies, and it is urgent to find new therapeutic means. In recent years, the method of extracting effective components from natural Chinese herbs for treating diseases has attracted widespread attention. Polydatin (PD) is an active ingredient extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum and its structure is similar to the traditional drug resveratrol. Sufficient studies have proved that PD plays anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective roles in the treatment of multisystem diseases. These effects are also significant in the treatment of SCI. Based on the structural differences between PD and resveratrol, this paper illustrates th

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Revisione. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a prominent mycotoxin known to cause significant toxic effects in numerous organs and tissues. Experimental studies on intestinal tissue demonstrate that AFB1-induced damage is primarily driven by free radical generation, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, cytochrome P450 upregulation, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis. In recent years, phytochemicals have attracted considerable interest due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, which suggest a promising strategy for alleviating AFB1-related intestinal toxicity. Nevertheless, research on their therapeutic efficacy remains relatively limited. This review aims to assess the protective roles of phytochemicals in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation associated with AFB1 exposure. Evidence indicates that well-studied phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, lycopene, melatonin, and polydatin reduce intest

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Revisione. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on pterostilbene in oxidative stress-related diseases, focusing on its chemical and pharmacokinetic basis, redox-related signaling responses, disease-specific evidence, and translational challenges. Most available evidence comes from preclinical models and suggests that the biological effects of pterostilbene cannot be explained solely by direct reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Instead, pterostilbene is associated with several redox-sensitive processes, including Nrf2-related antioxidant responses, redox-inflammatory crosstalk, mitochondria-associated stress responses, metabolic regulation, and cell death-related pathways. Evidence from osteoarthritis, neurodegenerative and cognitive dysfunction models, ischemia-reperfusion injury, metabolic diseases, and cancer indicates that these effects vary substantially across pathological contexts. In non-malignant degenerativ

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Revisione. Multiple Myeloma is a malignancy of the plasma cells of the bone marrow. This cancer rapidly becomes refractory to many of the currently available chemotherapeutic regimens used against it, requiring an alternative option or supplementary therapy. Pterostilbene is a naturally occurring compound in a variety of commonly consumed plants that exhibits strong antioxidant properties and, lately, has shown increasing activity as an anti-neoplastic compound. A review of the literature published since 2015 on Google Scholar and PubMed was conducted, with a focus on randomized controlled trials and an exclusion of review articles, unless pertinent to pathophysiology of Multiple Myeloma or background on Pterostilbene as a compound. Though data is limited in the use of Pterostilbene as an agent to combat Multiple Myeloma, studies have shown that it, along with synthetic derivatives, can induce apoptosis and limit proliferation of Multip

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Studio clinico. Introduction Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a metabolite of vitamin B3 necessary for the production of key hormones like estradiol. Both NAD+ and estradiol levels decrease with age. Reduced estradiol levels have been associated with undesirable symptoms of the menopause transition. Previous clinical trials have demonstrated that oral supplementation with NRPT, a combination of the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) plus pterostilbene (PT), significantly increases NAD+ levels. In the present study, the effects of a 7-day supplementation of NRPT on undesirable symptoms of the menopause transition were examined. Methods An open-label, pilot clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04841499) was conducted to assess the efficacy of NRPT supplementation (commercially known as Basis; a combination of nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene) in 40 healthy women over 35 years of age, 32 of which self-r

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Studio randomizzato. Pterostilbene, a polyphenolic compound and an analog of resveratrol, exerts various biological activities and has higher bioavailability and metabolic stability than resveratrol. However, the effectiveness of pterostilbene intake in humans, particularly its effect on blood microRNA (miRNA) expression levels, has not been evaluated. Accordingly, this pilot study aimed to investigate the effects of pterostilbene on blood biochemistry and blood miRNA expression levels and the safety of continuous intake at doses of 10 or 100 mg/d over 12 wk. A double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-arm comparison trial was conducted with 30 healthy men. In the analysis of blood miRNA expression levels, miR-34a and miR-193b showed very high increases at week 4 and after week 4 of intake, respectively, suggesting that the responders might be present among participants in the pterostilbene intake group. No adverse events were reported

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Revisione. Cardiovascular disease continues to impose a substantial global health burden and arises from interconnected pathological processes, including oxidative injury, inflammatory signaling, endothelial dysfunction, metabolic imbalance, and progressive cardiac and vascular structural remodeling. Growing interest has therefore emerged in naturally derived compounds capable of influencing multiple disease pathways simultaneously. Pterostilbene, a dimethoxylated stilbene structurally related to resveratrol, has gained attention due to its enhanced lipophilicity and improved bioavailability. Recent experimental studies have investigated the cardiovascular effects of pterostilbene in both cellular systems and animal models. Evidence from in vitro studies indicates that this compound modulates key regulatory networks involved in cellular energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, endothelial signaling, and stress-associated cardiomyocyte inju

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Revisione. Pterostilbene, a natural stilbene compound present in blueberries and several medicinal plants, has been increasingly studied for its ability to influence gut microbiota composition across different disease contexts. In a variety of animal and cell-based models, researchers have observed notable shifts in microbial profiles following pterostilbene supplementation. These changes are thought to be, at least in part, responsible for the compound's health-promoting properties, especially in relation to disease prevention and immune regulation. Despite these findings, no in-depth review has yet compiled the specific bacterial taxa most consistently affected by pterostilbene, nor analyzed the broader physiological significance of such changes. In this narrative review, we aim to address that gap by synthesizing current knowledge on the gut microbiota-modulating effects of pterostilbene. Particular focus is placed on beneficial gene

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Studio randomizzato. Background Acute Mountain sickness (AMS) is a common form of high altitude illnesses (HAI) primarily caused by hypobaric hypoxia. Proper acclimatization is crucial for enhancing the physiological adaptability during ascent to high altitudes (HA). Aim The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of quercetin bar prophylaxis in preventing AMS during acclimatization to a high altitude environment. Design A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Methods The study included 110 healthy lowland male subjects with age 26.86 ± 4.1 years (range between 20 and 40 years), who ascended from near sea level (440 m) to high altitude (3048 m) where they spent 6 days, thereafter further ascended to very high altitude (3750 m). The participants were randomly assigned in to two groups. Placebo group (n = 55, food bar without quercetin; identical in appearance, taste and smell) and Quercetin group (n = 55, food bar

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Studio randomizzato. Objectives This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of quercetin in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods Fifty-two adults with ASD were randomly assigned to receive either quercetin or placebo for 60 days. Outcomes included the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL) domains, and other clinical measures assessed at baseline, 30 days, and 60 days. Results Baseline demographic characteristics and comorbid conditions were comparable between groups. The quercetin group showed a significant within-group reduction in SRS scores over time (p = 0.010), whereas the placebo group showed no significant change (p = 0.655). However, between-group differences in SRS change were not statistically significant. At week 8, the physical health domain of WHOQOL improved more in the quercetin group at the unadjusted level (p = 0.044), but th

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Meta-analisi. Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is an irreversible progressive lung disease characterised by oxidative stress, inflammation and cellular senescence. Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and senolytic properties, has shown beneficial effects in preclinical models of lung fibrosis. This study aimed to systematically review available evidence evaluating the efficacy of quercetin or its derivatives, alone or in combination, in preclinical models of PF to consolidate current knowledge and assess its therapeutic potential using PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO ID: CRD42024520954). PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched, data was extracted and analyzed using JAMOVI and risk of bias tools. Literature search yielded 361 studies of which 24 with total of 570 animals were included for analysis. Quercetin, either alone or in combination, significantly reduced fibrotic scores and the expression of fibr

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Meta-analisi. Atherosclerosis seriously endangers human health. Quercetin has drawn attention for its potential anti-atherosclerotic pharmacological effects. This study aimed to comprehensively assess quercetin's effect and potential mechanism in treating atherosclerosis through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Preclinical studies published before 20 January 2025 were searched for in databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP. The CAMARADES list was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Stata 12 was applied for overall effect, sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses. Time-dose interval analyses were conducted to explore how quercetin dose and dosing cycle affect intervention effects. Finally, trial sequential analyses were performed using TSA 0.9 software. A total of 22 studies involving 421 animals were included, with a mean methodological quality score of 7.73/10. Meta-a

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Meta-analisi. Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with severe complications driven by chronic inflammation, which releases cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Herbal medicines are gaining importance due to fewer drug-related adverse effects. Quercetin is a flavonoid with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of Quercetin on inflammatory markers in the animal model of diabetes. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar from inception to February 2025, to identify relevant preclinical studies. Diabetic rodents were included, whereas in vitro, ex vivo, and non-rodent studies were excluded. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model (RE) was performed to calculate standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals. Methodological quality was assessed b

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Meta-analisi. Background Quercetin, has been proposed as a supplement to improve uric acid -related indices. However, finding supporting evidence remains inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of quercetin supplementation on lipid profile, renal function indices, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers. Methods A systematic review of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China Knowledge Network, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform from inception to August 2024 were searched. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Results Seventeen case studies were included. Quercetin supplementation significantly reduced serum uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), fractional excretion of uric acid (FEur), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and improved oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (I

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Meta-analisi. Background : Astaxanthin is a lipid-soluble carotenoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its effects on exercise performance and post-exercise recovery remain uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of astaxanthin supplementation on exercise performance and recovery-related biomarkers in healthy participants and athletes. Methods : This review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, the Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched from inception to January 2026. Randomized controlled trials comparing oral astaxanthin supplementation with placebo or control were included. Performance outcomes included VO 2 max, time-trial or endurance-related performance, and maximal workload or power output. Recovery-related outcomes included creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, and related biomarkers. Standardized

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Meta-analisi. The use of antioxidants in cryopreservation media has been shown to improve post-thaw sperm quality and male fertility in several credible meta-analyses. However, to our knowledge, no review has specifically examined the impact of astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant, on sperm quality after freezing. This meta-analysis and systematic review aims to investigate how astaxanthin affects sperm parameters during the freeze-thaw process. A thorough search of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) was conducted up until July 1, 2024. Random-effects models were used to synthesize the data, and the quality and heterogeneity of the evidence were assessed. Our findings show that while astaxanthin improved sperm viability and morphology, there was no significant improvement in total motility (MD = 5.67, 95% CI: -7.49 to 18.84, p = 0.40) or DNA damage (MD = -12.07, 95% CI: -25.72 to 1.57, p = 0.08) after thawing. Howeve

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Revisione. Astaxanthin, a C 40 carotenoid with exceptional antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer physiological activities, has experienced surging market demand across cosmeceutical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Traditional astaxanthin production methods have critical limitations, including high costs, significant environmental impact, limited scalability, and stereochemical inadequacies, underscoring the urgent need for alternative production platforms. Metabolic engineering of industrial microorganisms provides a paradigm-shifting solution, leveraging rapid growth, genetic tractability, scalable fermentation, and climate-independent production to achieve sustainable, cost-effective astaxanthin biosynthesis. In this review, we comprehensively review the metabolic engineering strategies employed in non-native astaxanthin producers for higher production of astaxanthin, including directing carbon fluxes toward astaxanthin

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Revisione. Oxidative stress is a primary driver of male infertility, underscoring the critical importance of effective antioxidant defense systems in maintaining reproductive function. Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid with potent free radical-scavenging capacity and membrane-stabilizing properties, has garnered interest as a therapeutic agent for male reproductive health. Experimental evidence indicates that astaxanthin modulates cellular redox homeostasis, preserves mitochondrial integrity, and attenuates lipid peroxidation in spermatozoa and testicular cells. Through these mechanisms, it potentially maintains sperm structural integrity and functional competence under oxidative stress. Preclinical studies demonstrate that astaxanthin supplementation enhances sperm quality, supports mitochondrial bioenergetics, and protects against testicular oxidative injury. However, clinical evidence in men remains limited and heterogeneous, wit

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Studio randomizzato. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major risk factor for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). Oxidative stress and inflammation, mediated by the advanced glycation end products (AGE)-receptor for AGE (RAGE)-nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway, contribute to OHSS development and impaired oocyte quality. Astaxanthin (AST), a potent antioxidant, may modulate this pathway. In this exploratory pilot trial using a triple‑blind, randomized, placebo‑controlled design, 44 PCOS patients at high risk for OHSS were assigned to receive AST (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) adjunct to the COS regimen. COS was performed using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol with individualized gonadotropin dosing. Stimulation characteristics, gonadotropin dose, and follicle distribution were comparable between groups. The mean number of retrieved oocytes was slightly high

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Meta-analisi. Astaxanthin (AST), a potent antioxidant carotenoid, has been investigated for its potential to improve male reproductive outcomes; however, findings remain inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the ability of AST to improve male infertility-related outcomes in both animal models and human clinical trials. A comprehensive search was carried out in Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Eligible studies assessed the effects of AST on semen quality or oxidative stress markers. The risk of bias was assessed via the SYRCLE for animal studies and Cochrane RoB 2.0 for clinical trials. Random- effects models were applied for the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was evaluated by the I² statistic, and publication bias via Egger’s test and funnel plots. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria: three clinical trials and seven animal studies. The human meta-analysis showed no statistically significant improve

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Studio randomizzato. Introduction Declining nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) may elevate risk of Alzheimer's disease. Methods We conducted a 12-week double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of the NAD + precursor, nicotinamide riboside (NR), for enhancing cognitive function and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Results 42 participants completed the study (NR = 22, placebo = 20). Adherence was similar between groups with no serious adverse effects. Blood NAD + increased twofold in the NR group. There were no improvements in cognitive function (primary outcome), total CBF, or blood pressure (secondary outcomes). Exploratory analyses revealed potential increases in regional CBF, particularly in the hippocampus. Discussion NR effectively raises NAD + in people with MCI but does not improve cognitive func

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Studio randomizzato. Background Friedreich's ataxia is a rare, chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative condition affecting multiple organ systems, including neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiac, and endocrine systems, and is marked by low cardiopulmonary fitness. We tested the effect of exercise and NAD + precursor supplementation with nicotinamide riboside, which have each shown benefits in animal and early clinical studies, on cardiopulmonary fitness in individuals with Friedreich's ataxia. Methods This 12-week, outpatient, phase 2, single-site (Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA), randomised, 2 × 2 factorial clinical trial recruited individuals aged 10-40 years with an ejection fraction of 45% or greater who were able to exercise. A computer-generated randomisation sequence was developed by the trial statistician. Random allocation was age-stratified ( 2 (L/min) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing at 12

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Studio randomizzato. Background and aims Recent preclinical studies have shown that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) plays a critical role in molecular mechanisms of axon degeneration, and reductions in NAD + levels are associated with axonal degeneration. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a safe and widely available pyridine-nucleoside form of vitamin B3 and is an NAD + precursor. Methods To investigate if oral supplementation of synthetic NR can act as a therapeutic agent to prevent degeneration of small somatic sensory axons innervating the skin or promote regeneration of these same fibers in humans, we utilized a validated experimental model of cutaneous nerve degeneration and regeneration and conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blinded Phase 2 study. Results NR supplementation did not result in elevation of plasma NAD + levels but resulted in a small increase in NAD + in the skin samples. NR supplementation did not prevent

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Meta-analisi. Background/Objectives : Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ), is used as a dietary supplement, but its safety and metabolic effects in adults remain unclear. This review assessed the short-term safety and tolerability of oral NMN or NMN-related supplementation and examined metabolic and vascular outcomes. Methods : PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched from inception to 13 May 2026. Eligible studies were parallel randomized controlled trials comparing oral NMN or NMN-related preparations with placebo, blank control, lifestyle control, or the same background intervention without NMN. Safety outcomes included adverse events, serious adverse events, withdrawals due to adverse events, system-specific adverse events, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Random-effects models were used, with GRADE for evidence certainty

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Studio randomizzato. Purpose The purpose of this study was to characterize topographical visual field (VF) improvement using pointwise total deviation (TD) slopes referenced to baseline severity, and to evaluate structure-function and cognitive associations in eyes receiving nicotinamide and pyruvate (NAM + PYR) treatment versus placebo. Methods This post hoc analysis used study-eye data from a phase 2 randomized trial of nicotinamide (3 g/day) plus pyruvate (3 g/day) versus placebo in open-angle glaucoma, with four baseline and four post-baseline VF visits. A location was improving if its Huber robust pointwise TD slope ranked in the upper decile (≥90th percentile) of the pooled slope distribution within its baseline-severity stratum. Bayesian hierarchical models assessed treatment effects, incorporating optical coherence tomography retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) slopes as structural priors; Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score

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Pertinenza, popolazione, dosaggio, durata, rischi e conflitti di interesse richiedono verifica.

Studio randomizzato. Objective Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) improves the pathogenesis of age-related changes and diseases by increasing intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+. We aimed to evaluate retinal thickness changes after oral NMN administration according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid. Methods Before and 24 weeks after the study initiated, 240 × 240 mm macular cube scan optical coherence tomography images were obtained from male patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 65 years with physical frailty; changes in the automatically measured mean retinal thickness within the 9 ETDRS grid regions were compared between groups. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 250 mg/day NMN or placebo orally for 24 weeks. Retinal thickness changes at 24 weeks were compared between groups. Results Each group included 14 eyes of 7 patients; 8 eyes had ocular disease. Best-corrected visual acuity d

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Pertinenza, popolazione, dosaggio, durata, rischi e conflitti di interesse richiedono verifica.